Imyenda ya Biodegradable Imyenda ya plastike

Ubuzima bwifumbire mvaruganda ni:
Umusaruro: ibinyamisogwe by'ibigori bivanwa mu bikoresho fatizo, polymer karemano yabonetse mu bigori by'ibigori, ingano cyangwa ibirayi.
Noneho mikorobe ibihindura mo molekile ntoya ya acide lactique ikora nk'ishingiro ryo gukora iminyururu ya polymer ya acide polylactique.
Iminyururu ihuza polymeric ya acide polylactique iha umwanya urupapuro rwa plastiki rushobora kwangirika rukora nk'ishingiro ryo gutunganya ibicuruzwa byinshi bya pulasitike bidahumanya.
Uru rupapuro rwa pulasitike rujyanwa mu masosiyete akora ibicuruzwa no guhindura imifuka ya pulasitike.
Noneho bakwirakwizwa mubigo byubucuruzi kugirango bikoreshe kandi bigurishe imifuka ifumbire mvaruganda mubuzima bwabo bwa buri munsi.
Isakoshi irakoreshwa hanyuma ihinduka imyanda (igihe cyagereranijwe cyo gukoresha: iminota cumi n'ibiri)
Inzira ya biodegradation iba igihe cyagenwe kuva kumezi 6 kugeza 9.
Ibinyabuzima byakuwe mu binyamisogwe by ibigori byahindutse umutungo utarangira kandi ushobora kuvugururwa, byerekana ubuzima bwigihe gito kandi bufunze urugero nk’ubuhinzi bunini, gukoresha amazi make, bigatuma iterambere ry’urwego rw’ibihingwa ritera imbaraga mu kwagura ibihingwa muri inzira yo kureka.Mubikorwa byose byubuzima, ibintu byanduye byagabanutse kugeza 1000% ugereranije nuburyo bwo gukora imifuka ya pulasitike.
Umwihariko w'isakoshi ifumbire ni uko ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ifumbire y'ibihingwa byo mu rugo, kandi hamwe na yo bigatuma ikura neza kandi igatera kongera gukoresha imifuka ya pulasitike.Hamwe n’imifuka ya AMS Compostables, usibye kubyara imyanda yongeye gukoreshwa, hirindwa kwegeranya imyanda idakenewe y’imyanda y’isuku no kugabanya imyanda y’imyanda hagamijwe kuzamura imibereho y’abaturage muri rusange no ku bidukikije.
Abantu basanzwe bakoresha umufuka usanzwe wa plastike mugihe gito nkiminota 12 mbere yo kujugunya kure, ntuzigera utekereza aho ushobora kurangirira.
Nyamara iyo bimaze gushyirwa mu myanda, iyo mangazini isanzwe y'ibiribwa tote ifata imyaka amagana cyangwa ibihumbi kugirango isenyuke - birenze ubuzima bwumuntu.Imifuka igizwe na plastike iteye ubwoba iboneka mu gifu cya baleine cyangwa ibyari by’inyoni, kandi ntabwo bitangaje - kwisi yose, dukoresha imifuka ya pulasitike iri hagati ya tiriyari 1 na 5 buri mwaka.
Imifuka ya pulasitiki ibora ishobora kugurishwa nkibisubizo byangiza ibidukikije, ibasha gucamo ibintu bitagira ingaruka byihuse kuruta plastiki gakondo.Isosiyete imwe ivuga ko umufuka wabo wo guhaha “uzatesha agaciro na biodegrade mu buryo bukomeza, budasubirwaho kandi budahagarikwa” niba birangiye ari imyanda mu bidukikije.
Mu bushakashatsi bwashyizwe ahagaragara kuri iki cyumweru mu bumenyi bw’ibidukikije n’ikoranabuhanga, abashakashatsi bashyize imifuka yitwa ko yangiza ibidukikije ikozwe mu bikoresho bitandukanye kama n’ibikoresho bya pulasitiki kandi biva mu maduka yo mu Bwongereza kugeza ku kizamini.Nyuma yimyaka itatu yashyinguwe mubutaka bwubusitani, burohama mumazi yinyanja, bwerekanwe numucyo numwuka cyangwa byashyizwe muri laboratoire, ntamufuka numwe wigeze umeneka rwose mubidukikije.
Abaterankunga
Mubyukuri, imifuka ya biodegradable yari yasigaye mu mazi muri marina irashobora gutwara umutwaro wuzuye wibiribwa.
“Ni uruhe ruhare rwa bamwe muri aba polimeri bashya kandi bashya?”yabajije Richard Thompson, inzobere mu binyabuzima zo mu nyanja zo muri kaminuza ya Plymouth akaba n'umwanditsi mukuru w’ubushakashatsi.Polimeri ni urunigi rusubiramo imiti igizwe na plastiki, yaba ibinyabuzima cyangwa ibinyabuzima.
Thompson yagize ati: "Biragoye gutunganya kandi biratinda cyane guteshwa agaciro iyo bihindutse imyanda mu bidukikije."
Ibyo Abashakashatsi bakoze
Abashakashatsi bakusanyije ingero z'ubwoko butanu bw'imifuka ya pulasitike.
Ubwoko bwa mbere bwakozwe muri polyethylene yuzuye cyane - plastiki isanzwe iboneka mumifuka yububiko.Byakoreshejwe nko kugereranya indi mifuka ine yanditseho ko yangiza ibidukikije:
Isakoshi ya plastike ibora ikozwe mubice biva mubishishwa
Ubwoko bubiri bwimifuka ikozwe muri plastike ya oxo-biodegradable, irimo inyongeramusaruro ibigo bivuga ko bifasha plastike kumeneka vuba
Isakoshi ifumbire mvaruganda ikozwe mubikomoka ku bimera
Buri bwoko bwimifuka bwashyizwe mubidukikije bine.Imifuka yose hamwe n’imifuka yaciwemo ibice byashyinguwe mu butaka bw’ubusitani hanze, burohama mu mazi yumunyu muri marina, hasigara ku manywa n’umuyaga ufunguye, cyangwa bigashyirwa mu kintu cyijimye muri laboratoire igenzurwa n’ubushyuhe.
Oxygene, ubushyuhe n'umucyo byose bihindura imiterere ya polimeri ya pulasitike, nk'uko byatangajwe na Julia Kalow, umuhanga mu by'imiti ya polymer wo muri kaminuza ya Northwestern, utagize uruhare muri ubu bushakashatsi.Na none rero irashobora kwitwara kumazi no gukorana na bagiteri cyangwa ubundi buryo bwubuzima.
Ibyo Abahanga Basanze
Ndetse no mu bidukikije bigoye byo mu nyanja, aho algae n’inyamaswa bitwikiriye plastike vuba, imyaka itatu ntiyari ihagije kugira ngo isenye plastiki iyo ari yo yose usibye ifumbire mvaruganda ishingiye ku ifumbire mvaruganda, yazimye mu mazi mu mezi atatu.Imifuka ikomoka ku bimera, yagumye idahwitse ariko iracika intege iyo yashyinguwe munsi yubutaka bwamezi 27.
Ubuvuzi bwonyine bwamennye imifuka yose kwari ukugira umwuka ufunguye amezi arenga icyenda, kandi muricyo gihe ndetse nigikapu gisanzwe, polyethylene gakondo cyacitsemo ibice mbere y amezi 18 ashize.